Longzhong situates in the west suburb of Xiangfan City. Hubei Province in History of the Three Kingdoms, the writer Pei Sing quoted records of the Chromicle of the Han and Jin Dynasty that Zhuge Liang lived in Deng County of Nan yang, about 10km to the west of Xiangyang City. That place is called Longzhong." While Li Daoyuan(466AD-527AD)wrote in his commentary on the waterways that "Mian river(today's Han River) passed Longzhong in the east, and through Zhuge Liang s former residence in the north. Zhuge Lianghad ever told Liu Chan, the last emperor of the Shu-Han kingdom, that the late emperor had paid three visits to him in that hut and inquired him the world situations, all three events happened in that hut. "Li Jipu(758AD-8l4AD)in the Tang Dynasty wrote in his record of Xiangzhou and Xiangyang that Zhuge Liang  s residence  lies  10  li  to  the morthwest  of Xiangyang County.
Longzhong belongs to the extended part of Jingshan Mountains. The longitude is 31059 .and latitude is 112009 .The whole scenic area covers 12 square miles with Zhuge Liang s residence as the center. It includes Longzhong Mountain, Leshan Mountain, Big Flag Mountain and Smell Flag Mountain, ect. . The highest peak is Longzhong Peak, about 306 meters above sea level. Inside the scenic area, people would find themselves among green forest, with birds singing, water flowing and flowers blossoming. The scenery varies from place to place. In the book of the Three Kingdoms, the writer described the beautiful views in this way: the hills seemed more elegant than lofty, the streams more sparking than deep, the land more smooth than spacious, the woods more lush than large,with gibbons and cranes joining in play,pine and bamboo blending their  green.   That  s  actually a accurate  description about Longzhong.
Longzhong lies in the transitional area between north climate and south climate. Its annual average temperature is about l5'C-16'C, and annual average amount of precipitation is about 900MM, with 250 frostless days. Distinct four seasons and abundant sunshime make Longzhong a suitable place for plants and animals. 80% land of Longzhong is covered with various kinds of plants. Rice, wheat and cotton grow well invalley field, while high-quality tea Longzhong Tea    is planted on hill  slopes.
Plenty of plant species could be found here. There are pine, ginkgo, cypress, camphor tree. Chinese honey Locust, Chinese lies, osanthus, hawthorn, and others. According to investigation, there are about 64 species of trees and bushes.Major flower species are plums, peony, osmanthus, and big-leaf hydrangea. According to record of Xiangyang County, these flowers are quite common before the Ming Dynasty. When Liu Bei Paid his second visit to Zhuge Liang and failed to meet him there, they met Zhuge Liang s father~in-law-Huang Chengyan. At that time, Huang Chengyan was singing riding a donkey past the small bridge, alone, sighing for the plum trees battered blooms. We can imagine the scene of plum trees blooming in the chilly snowy winter.Nowadays, peony becomes more prevailing in Longzhong. There are about more than 240 species and more than 10,000 plants. To appreciate peony on March 3 has become  a new tradition for Longzhong people.
Historical and cultural relics in Longzhong are mainly Zhuge Liang s residence and other spots concerned with his studying, farming and living. These places include Hexagon Well, Gong Geng(self-toiling) Field, Little Rainbow Bridge, Half-moon Stream, Knee-embracing Rock.Observatory, Chessboard Stone  and Qintai   (music  stage).
Memorial and cultural relics include Memorial Temple of Lord Wu, Three Visits Hall, Longzhong Academy, stone tablet of the Ming Dynasty with the portrait of Zhuge Liang, Sleeping Dragon Depth, archway of Ancient Longzhong . Ancient-Cypress Pavilion, Knee-embracing Pavilion, Thatched-hut Pavilion, and tablet  of  the Thatched Hut, etc.